The Effect of Planned Behavior Theory, Ethical Commitment, and Perceived Risk on Corporate Sustainability Accounting and Reporting

Authors
Hasan Abdollahzadeh 1
Vahid Amin 2
1 Assistant Professor of Psychology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran (Abdollahzadeh2002@yahoo.com)
2 Faculty of Accounting, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran (Corresponding Author).
10.29252/aapc.5.9.269
Abstract
The present study aimed at investigating the role of attitude, sabjective norm, perceived behavior control, ethical commitment, and perceived risk on intention to corporate sustainability accounting and reporting(CSAR) on the Tehran Stock Exchange. This study is a survey research. The statistical population of this study included the financial managers and senior experts of accounting in the companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange except the financial intermediary companies such as banks, investment funds, insurances, etc. The population size was considered as 276 subjects each one representing one company. The statistical sample was determined as 161 subjects using Cochran formula at 5% error level. In order to measure the research variables, a standard questionnaire with five-point Likert scale was used. The research questionnaire was randomly emailed to 200 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange in 2019 to achieve the statistical sample size and finally 163 questionnaires were answered. In this study, the structural equations model was used to test the hypotheses. The results of structural equations model showed that attitude, mental norm, perceived behavior control, and ethical commitment have a positive effect on intention to CSAR. However, the significant effect of perceived risk of managers and accountants on intention to CSAR was not observed. The results of this study presented an extensive attitude among the goals of managers for intention to CSAR. Thus, the above-mentioned components can be used for CSAR to achieve a sustainable development.
Keywords
Theory of Planned Behavior
Ethical Commitment
Perceived Risk
Intention to Corporate Sustainability Accounting and Reporting
Adams, C. A. 2002. Internal organizational factors influencing corporate social and ethical reporting: Beyond current theorising. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 15(2): 223–250.
بینشیان، زهرا و دهدار، فرهاد.(1397)، ارائه مدل رابطه هوش مالی با گرایشهای رفتاری و اثر آنها در تصمیمات سرمایه گذاری بر اساس نظریه رفتار برنامه ریزی شده، دانش سرمایه‌گذاری،دوره هفتم، شماره 25، صص 203-222.
Adams, C. A., and G. Whelan. 2009. Conceptualizing future change in corporate sustainability reporting. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 22(1): 118–143.
رهنمای رودپشتی، فریدون؛ ناطق گلستان، احمد؛ یعقوب نژاد، احمد.(1394)، ارائه الگوی ذهنی ادراک ریسک سرمایه گذاران بورس اوراق بهادار تهران، فصلنامه دانش سرمایه-گذاری، دوره4، شماره 13، صص 195- 216.
Adams, C. A., and P. McNicholas. 2007. Making a difference: Sustainability reporting, accountability and organisational change. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 20(3): 382–402.
ساریخانی، مهدی؛ ایزدی نیا، ناصر؛ دائی کریم زاده، سعید.(1398)، بررسی قصد گزارشگری تقلب با استفاده از تئوری رفتار برنامه‌ریزی شده و نقش تعدیل‌گری شدت اخلاقی، دانش حسابداری مالی، دوره ششم، شماره 1، صص 75-105.
Ajzen, I. 1991. The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 50(2): 179–211.
صدوق ونینی، حسن؛ ویسی، هادی؛ اشرف علیپور، علی.(1387)، ارزیابی نگرش نسبت به توسعه پایدار، فصلنامه علوم محیطی، دوره ششم، شماره 1، صص 131-140.
Ajzen, I. 2011. Editorial: The theory of planned behavior: Reactions and reflections. Psychology and Health 26 (9): 1113-1127.
فراتی، حسن؛ خلج، امید؛ نور موسوی، مهدی.(1398)، عوامل مؤثر بر مصرف سبز بر اساس نظریه رفتار برنامه‌ریزی‌شده ( مورد مطالعه: شهروندان شهر قزوین)، فصلنامه علمی ـ پژوهشی آموزش محیط زیست و توسعه پایدار، دوره هفتم، شماره3، صص 59-70.
Ajzen, I., and M. Fishbein. 1980. Understanding attitudes and predicting social behaviour. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.
قلمی، عطیه؛ عبدالوند، ندا؛ رجائی هرندی، سعیده.(1397)، بررسی و رتبه‌بندی عوامل مؤثر بر توسعه پایدار با رویکرد به ‌کارگیری سیستم‌های اطلاعاتی، پژوهش های مدیریت در ایران، دوره ۲۲ ، شماره 1، صص۱۸۷-۲۱۷.
Alam, S. M., and S. Akter. 2019. Understanding the Interplay among the Factors of Behavioral Intention Regarding Environmental Reporting. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research 8(11): 2657-2663.
کفاش، لیلی و ایمانی, حمیدرضا.(1396)، تأثیر تعهد سازمانی و ارزش‌های اخلاقی بر قصد گزارش تخلف‌های کشف‌شده در بین حسابداران بخش عمومی، حسابداری سلامت، دوره ششم، شماره 2، صص 87-105.
Aras, G., and D. Crowther. 2008. Governance and sustainability: an investigation into relationship between corporate governance and corporate sustainability. Management Decision 46(3): 443448.
معصومی، سید رسول؛ صالح‌نژاد، سید حسن؛ ذبیحی زرین‌کلایی، علی.(1397)، بررسی ‌تأثیر برخی از عوامل درون‌سازمانی بر میزان گزارشگری پایداری شرکت‌های دارویی پذیرفته شده در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران، حسابداری سلامت، دوره هفتم، شماره 1، صص 103-126.
ناطق گلستان، احمد.(1396)، بررسی وجود اثرات ادراک ریسک در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران و تأثیر متغیرهای فصلی بر آن، راهبرد مدیریت مالی، سال پنجم، شماره 18، صص145-170.
Aras, G., and D. Crowther. 2009a. Corporate sustainability reporting: A study in disingenuity? . Journal of Business Ethics 87(1): 279-288.
Aras, G., and D. Crowther. 2009b. Making sustainable development sustainable. Management Decision 47(6): 975–988.
Armitage, C. J., and M. Conner. 2001. Efficacy of the Theory of Planned Behavior: A meta-analytic review. British Journal of Social Psychology 40(4): 471-499.
Bebbington, J., R. Gray, I. Thomson, and D. Walter. 1994. Accountants’ attitudes and environmentally-sensitive accounting. Accounting and Business Research 24(94): 109-120.
Beck, L., and I. Ajzen. 1991. Predicting dishonest actions using the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Research in Personality 25(3): 285-301.
Bineshian, Z., and F. Dehdar. 2018. Present the Model of the relationship between financial intelligence behavioral trends and their impact on investors decisions based on the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Investment Knowledge 7(25): 203-222.(In Persian)
Burritt, R. L., and S. Schaltegger. 2010. Sustainability accounting and reporting: Fad or trend? Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 23(7): 829–846.
Cordano, M., and I. H. Frieze. 2000. Pollution reduction preferences of US environmental managers: Applying Ajzen’s theory of planned behavior. The Academy of Management Journal 43(4): 627–641.
Cunningham, S. M. 1967. The major dimensions of perceived risk. In: Cox DF, editor. Risk taking and information handling in consumer behavior. Boston: Harvard University Press.
Deegan, C., and B. Gordon. 1996. A study of the environmental disclosure practices of Australian corporations, Accounting and Business Research 26(3): 187-199.
Dubbink, W. 2014. A moral grounding of the duty to further justice in commercial life. Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 1: 27–45.
Featherman M. S., and P. A. Pavlou. 2003. Predicting e-services adoption: a perceived risk facets perspective. Int J Hum Comput Stud 59(4):451–74.
Feder, M., and B. E. Weißenberger. 2019. Understanding the behavioral gap: Why would managers (not) engage in CSR-related activities? J Manag Control 30(1): 95-126. DOI:10.1007/s00187-019-00275-y.
Fishbein, M., and I. Ajzen. 1975. Belief, attitude, intention and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Reading, Mass, Addison Wesley Publishing Company.
Freedman, M., and B. Jaggi. 2010. Global warming and corporate disclosures: A comparative analysis of companies from the European :union:, Japan and Canada. Advances in Environmental Accounting and Management: Sustainability, Environmental Performance and Disclosures 4:129-160.
Gadenne, D. L., J. Kennedy, and C. McKeiver. 2009. An empirical study of environmental awareness and practices in SMEs. Journal of Business Ethics 84(1): 45–63.
Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) standard, Foundation. 2016. (Containing Standard Interpretation 1). GRI 101. Effective From: 01 Jul 2018.
Goyal, P., and D. Kumar. 2017. Modeling the CSR barriers in manufacturing industries. Benchmarking: An International Journal 24(7): 1871–1890.
Guenther, E., J. Endrikat, and T. W. Guenther. 2016. Environmental management control systems: A conceptualization and a review of the empirical evidence. Journal of Cleaner Production 136(Part A): 147–171.
Ha-Brookshire, J. 2017. Toward Moral Responsibility Theories of Corporate Sustainability and Sustainable Supply Chain. J Bus Ethics 145(2): 227-237. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-015-2847-2.
Hair Jr, J. F., G. T. M. Hult, C. Ringle, and M. Sarstedt. 2016. A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Sage Publications.
Henriques, I., and P. Sadorsky. 1999. The relationship between environmental commitment and managerial perceptions of stakeholder importance. Academy of Management Journal 42(1): 87–99.
Herzig, C., and S. Schaltegger. 2011. Corporate sustainability reporting: an overview, in Bennett, M and Buritt, R.L. (Eds). Sustainability Accounting and Reporting. Kluwer Academic Publishers. Boston Dordrecht/London: 301-324.
Hines, J. M., H. R. Hungerford, and A. N. Tomera. 1987. Analysis and synthesis of research on responsible environmental behaviour: A meta-analysis. Journal of Environmental Education 18: 1-8.
KPMG. 2011. International survey of corporate responsibility reporting . New York: KPMG International.
Kuzey, C., and A. Uyar. 2017. Determinants of sustainability reporting and its impact on firm value: evidence from the emerging market of Turkey. Journal of Cleaner Production 143: 27–39.
Kwakye, T.O., E. E. Welbeck, G. M. Y. Owusu, and F. K. Anokye. 2018. Determinants of intention to engage in Sustainability Accounting & Reporting (SAR): the perspective of professional accountants. Int J Corporate Soc Responsibility 3(1): 1-13. DOI:10.1186/s40991-018-0035-2.
Lamberton, G. 2005. Sustainability accounting - A brief history and conceptual framework. Paper read at Accounting Forum.
Lee, W. E., R. N. Birkey, and D. M. Patten. 2017. Exposing students to environmental sustainability in accounting: An analysis of its impacts in a US setting. Social and Environmental Accountability Journal, 37(2), 81–96.
Lewis, L. 2000. Environmental audits in local government: A useful means to progress in sustainable development. Paper read at Accounting Forum.
Lin W. B. 2008. Investigation on the model of consumers’ perceived risk – integrated viewpoint. Expert Syst Appl 34(1): 977–88.
Lusher, A. L. 2012. What is the accounting Profession's role in accountability of economic, social, and environmental issues?. International Journal of Business and Social Science 3(15): 13-19.
Martin, A., and D. Hadley. 2008. Corporate environmental non-reporting–a UK FTSE 350 perspective. Business Strategy and the Environment 17(4): 245–259.
Mellema, G. 2006. Collective responsibility and qualifying actions. Midwest Studies in Philosophy 30: 176–193.
Mustikasari, E. 2009. Empirical Study on Taxpayer Compliance Agency in Manufacturing Industry Company in Surabaya National Seminar on Accounting X. Makasar: 1-17.
Oktavianti, T. Ratnawati, S. Riyadi, and H. Panjaitan. 2017. Subjective Norm, Moral Obligation, and Perceived Behavioral Control, As Antecedents Variable Is Service Quality, Attitude and Intention To Compliance With Taxpayers: (Study on Motor Vehicle Tax in Riau Islands Province). Journal of Research in Business and Management 5(4): 32-40.
O’Dwyer, B. 2002. Managerial perceptions of corporate social disclosure: An Irish story. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 15(3): 406–436.
Peter J. P., and M. J. Ryan. 1976. An investigation of perceived risk at the brand level. J Market Res 13:184–8.
Pondeville, S., V. Swaen, and Y. De Rongé. 2013. Environmental management control systems: The role of contextual and strategic factors. Management Accounting Research 24(4): 317–332.
Rahnamay Roodposhti, F., A. Nategh Golestan, and A. Yaghoobnezhad. 2014. Investigation of risk perception mental model of investors of Tehran Stock Exchange. Journal of Investment Knowledge 4(1): 195-216.(In Persian)
Ricciardi, V. 2008. Handbook of Finance: Investment Management and Financial Management. ch10. Published by John Wiley & Sons.
Rubenstein, D.B. 1992. Bridging the gap between green accounting and black ink. Accounting Organizations & Society 17(5): 501-508.
Schaltegger, S., D. Gibassier, and D. Zvezdov. 2013. Is environmental management accounting a discipline? A bibliometric literature review. Meditari Accountancy Research 21(1): 4–31.
Schwartz, H. 1998. Rationality Gone Awry? Decision Making Inconsistent with Economic and Financial Theory. Westport. CT: Greenwood Publishing Group. Inc.
Simonsen, C.D., and S. Wenstøp. 2011. Companies’ Ethical Commitment – An Analysis Of The Rhetoric In CSR Reports. Issues in Social and Environmental Accounting 5(1/2): 65-81.
Sisaye, S. 2011a. Ecological systems approaches to sustainability and organizational development: Emerging trends in environmental and social accounting reporting systems. Leadership and Organization Development Journal 32(4): 379–398.
Sisaye, S. 2011b. The functional-institutional and consequential-conflictual sociological approaches to accounting ethics education: Integrations from sustainability and ecological resources management literature. Managerial Auditing Journal 26(3): 263–294.
Starik, M., and P. Kanashiro. 2013. Toward a theory of sustainability management: Uncovering and integrating the nearly obvious. Organization & Environment 26(1): 7–30.
Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB). 2016. SASB Exposure Draft. Retrieved June 27.
Thoradeniya, P., J. Lee, R. Tan, and A. Ferreira. 2015. Sustainability reporting and the theory of planned behaviour. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 28(7): 1099–1137.
Tuu, H. H., and S. O. Olsen. 2012. Certainty, risk and knowledge in the satisfaction – purchase intention relationship in a new product experiment. Asia Pacific of Marketing and Logistics 24(1): 78-101.
Watson, R. T., M. C. Boudreau, and A. J. Chen. 2010. Information systems and environmentally sustainable development: energy informatics and new directionsfor the IS community. MIS quarterly 3(1): 23-38.
Weidman, S. M., A. P. Curatola, and F. Linnehan. 2010. An experimental investigation of the intentions to accrue and disclose environmental liabilities. In Ethics, Equity, and Regulation 15: 195–243.
Wilmshurst, T. D., and G. R. Frost. 2001. The role of accounting and the accountant in the environmental management system. Business Strategy and the Environment 10(3): 135–147.
Özsözgün Çalişkan, A. 2014. How accounting and accountants may contribute in sustainability? Social Responsibility Journal 10(2): 246–267.
Value and Behavioral Accounting
Volume 5, Issue 9
Summer 2020
Pages 269-299