بررسی تأثیر افشای مسائل عمده حسابرسی بر قضاوت و گزارشگری مالی مدیران مالی

نویسنده
دانشیار، گروه حسابداری دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی(نویسنده مسئول)
چکیده
در ایران از سال 1401، افشای مسائل عمده حسابرسی در گزارش حسابرس الزامی شده است. این پژوهش بررسی می‌کند که آیا این الزام، بر رفتار گزارشگری مدیران تأثیر می‌گذارد یا خیر. انتظار می‌رود که افزایش شفافیت از طریق افشای مسائل عمده حسابرسی موجب افزایش فشار پاسخگویی شود و در نتیجه، تمایل مدیران به گزارشگری مالی متهورانه کاهش یابد. همچنین، بررسی شده است که آیا دقت اطلاعاتی در بخش مسائل عمده حسابرسی می‌تواند اثر حضور مسائل عمده حسابرسی بر رفتار گزارشگری را تعدیل کند یا خیر. در این پژوهش از یک طرح آزمایشی ۳ × ۱ بین‌گروهی استفاده گردید. متغیر وابسته میزان شناسایی زیان کاهش ارزش سرقفلی و متغیر مستقل افشای مسائل عمده حسابرسی است که در سه سطح افشای با محتوای خاص، افشای با محتوای غیرخاص و عدم افشا دستکاری شده است. جامعه آماری پژوهش متشکل از شاغلین در حرفه حسابداری بوده است. انتخاب نمونه بر اساس دسترسی به افراد جامعه آماری صورت پذیرفت. کلیه اطلاعات پژوهش در تابستان سال 1404 گردآوری شده است. نمونه پژوهش شامل 120 نفر است که در سه گروه به صورت یکسان توزیع شده‌اند. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که تمایل مدیران به اتخاذ تصمیم‌های متهورانه در گزارشگری مالی با افشای مسائل عمده حسابرسی کاهش می‌یابد. همچنین با افزایش دقت اطلاعات افشا شده، اثر کاهنده آن بر تصمیم‌گیری متهورانه تقویت می‌شود. یافته‌های پژوهش نشانگر بهبود معنادار کیفیت گزارشگری مالی از طریق افشای مسائل عمده حسابرسی است. نتایج این پژوهش می‌تواند به بحث‌های در جریان درخصوص ارزش افزوده شکل جدید گزارش حسابرسی کمک نماید. همچنین این پژوهش از منظر نظری با تمرکز بر پیامدهای رفتاری افشای مسائل عمده حسابرسی بر مدیران، ادبیات غالب را که عمدتاً بر واکنش استفاده‌ کنندگان صورت‌ های مالی متمرکز بوده است، بسط می‌دهد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Investigating the Impact of Disclosure of Key Audit Matters on Financial Managers' Financial Gudgment and Reporting

نویسنده English

Javad Shekarkhah
Corresponding Author. Associate Professor, Accounting Department, Faculty of Managment and Accounting, Allame Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Since 2022, the disclosure of Key Audit Matters (KAMs) in the auditor’s report has become mandatory in Iran. This study empirically examines whether the implementation of KAM disclosures in audit reports affects managers’ financial reporting behavior. It is expected that increased transparency through KAM disclosures enhances accountability pressure and, consequently, reduces managers’ propensity toward aggressive financial reporting, thereby improving reporting quality. The study also investigates whether the informational precision of KAM disclosures moderates the effect of KAM presence on reporting behavior. A 3×1 between-subject experimental design was employed. The dependent variable is the amount of goodwill impairment loss recognized, and the independent variable is KAM disclosure, manipulated at three levels: company-specific disclosure, non–company-specific disclosure, and no disclosure. The statistical population consists of accounting professionals, and participants were selected using an accessibility-based sampling approach. Data were collected in the summer of 2025. The final sample includes 120 participants, evenly distributed across three groups. The findings indicate that managers’ tendency to make aggressive financial reporting decisions decreases when KAMs are disclosed. Moreover, greater informational precision in KAM disclosures strengthens their constraining effect on aggressive decision-making. Overall, the results suggest that KAM disclosure significantly improves financial reporting quality. These findings contribute to ongoing debates regarding the value relevance of the expanded auditor’s report and extend the literature by focusing on the behavioral consequences of KAM disclosures for managers, whereas prior research has predominantly emphasized the reactions of financial statement users.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Aggressive financial reporting
Impairment of goodwill
(Key audit matters)
Management judgment
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