Designing Intellectual Capital Reporting Model in Iranian Knowledge Based Companies

Authors
Mohammad reza Nikbakht 1
Hamid Kalhornia 2
1 Associate Professor of Accounting, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran(Corresponding Author).
2 PhD student of Accounting, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. Email: hamid.kalhornia@gmail.com .(hamid.kalhornia@gmail.com)
10.29252/aapc.4.7.271
Abstract
Given the movement of the country's economy towards knowledge-based economy and the growth and development of knowledge-based companies, the importance of the reporting of intellectual property of these companies has become more and more evident. The present research addresses the issue of providing an appropriate model for intellectual capital reporting in knowledge-based companies in 2018. In this research, by using an interview and based on the thematic analysis based on interviews with experts in the field of intellectual capital and knowledge-based companies, a model for reporting the effects of intellectual capital in knowledge based companies is proposed. The acceptability of the qualitative model was measured using a questionnaire. The questionnaire was acceptable in terms of both reliability and credibility. The results show that all the main components of the qualitative model have been approved. In this model, intellectual capital reporting was quantitatively qualitative (hybrid) and based on quantitative variables obtained from interviewing experts. Also, the Board of Directors' activity report was approved as the appropriate place for intellectual capital accounting reporting. Also, the implications of intellectual capital reporting, use as inputs for corporate valuation and financing purposes, reduction of information asymmetry, and functional management tools were confirmed.
Keywords
Intellectual capital
Financial reporting
Information Asymmetry
Knowledge Based Companies
Thematic analysis
An, Y., Davey, H., & Eggleton, I. R. C. 2011. Towards a comprehensive theoretical framework for voluntary IC disclosure. Journal of Intellectual Capital 12: 571–585.
انواری رستمی، علی اصغر؛ رستمی، محمدرضا. (1382)، ارزیابی مدل‌ها و روش‌های سنجش و ارزشگذاری سرمایه فکری شرکت‌ها، بررسی های حسابداری و حسابرسی، شماره 34، صص 75-51.
Asiaei, K., and R. Jusoh. 2017. Using a robust performance measurement system to illuminate intellectual capital. International Journal of Accounting Information Systems 26: 1-19.
دیانتی دیلمی، زهرا؛ رمضانی، مریم. (1391)، تاثیر سرمایه فکری بر کیفیت اطلاعات مالی شرکتهای پذیرفته شده در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران، فصلنامه دانش حسابداری و حسابرسی مدیریت، شماره 2، صص 50-37.
Bontis, N. 2002. Intellectual capital disclosure in Canadian corporations. Journal of Human Resource Costing & Accounting 3(3): 9-20.
حافظ نیا، محمدرضا. (1385). مقدمه ای بر روش تحقیق در علوم انسانی. انتشارات سمت. چاپ دوازدهم.
Brennan, N. 2001. Reporting intellectual capital in annual reports: evidence from Ireland. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 14(4): 423-36.
حسنوی، رضا، اخوان، پیمان، رمضان، مجید و محمدرضا زاهدی (1392). بررسی ارتابط بین فرایندهای مدیریت دانش و سرمایه فکری در یک مرکز دانش بنیان، نشریه علمی پژوهشی مدیریت فردا، شماره 37، صص 224-200.
Braun, V. and Clarke, V. 2006. Using thematic analysis in psychology.Qualitative Research in Psychology 3 (2): 77-101.
خیاطیان، محمدصادق؛ الیاسی، مهدی؛ طباطبائیان، حبیب الله. (1395)، الگوی پایداری شرکت‌های دانش بنیان در ایران، فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی سیاست علم و فناوری، شماره 2، صص 62-49.
Bukh, P.N., Nielsen, C., Gormsen, P. and Mouritsen, J. 2005. Disclosure of information on intellectual capital in Danish IPO prospectuses. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 18(6): 713-32.
طالبی، کامبیز؛ داوری، علی؛ دهقان، عامر. (1392)، شناسایی تاثیر سر مایه فکری بر تشخیص فرصت‌های کارآفرینانه در شرکت‌های دانش بنیان، فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی مطالعات مدیریت، شماره 71، صص 48-19.
Ferreira, A., L., Branco, M. C, and Moreira, J. A. 2012. Factors influencing intellectual capital disclosure by Portuguese companies. International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting 2(2): 278-298.
محمدآبادی, معصومه, نیاز اذری, کیومرث, جباری, نگین. (1397). نقش سرمایه فکری در ارتقای عملکرد شرکت‌های دانش بنیان با رویکرد آینده پژوهی: یک پژوهش کیفی. آینده پژوهی مدیریت، شماره 3 (پیاپی 114)، صص 116-94.
Fincham, R., and Roslender, R. 2003.Intellectual capital accounting as management fashion: a review and critique. European Accounting Review 12: 78-95.
موسوی, سید عباس, حسینی, سید یعقوب, مصلح, عبدالمجید, بهرامی, پروانه. (1392). تأثیر سرمایه فکری بر عملکرد شرکتهای دانش بنیان. مطالعات مدیریت (بهبود و تحول). شماره 70، صص 75-47.
Gogan, M., Artene, A., Sarca, I anca D. 2016. The Impact of Intellectual Capital on Organizational Performance, Social and Behavioral Sciences 221:194-202.
نیک بخت، محمدرضا و اسکندری، قربان. (1394)، بررسی رابطه بین سرمایه فکری، ارزش افزوده اقتصادی تعدیل شده و نقدشوندگی سهام، بررسی های حسابداری و حسابرسی، شماره 22، صص 541-560.
Guthrie, J. and Petty, R. 2000. Intellectual capital: Australian annual reporting practices. Journal of Intellectual Capital 1(3): 41-51.
Striukova, L., Unerman, J. and Guthrie, J. 2008. Corporate reporting of ntellectual capital: evidence from UK companies. British Accounting Review 40(4): 297-313.
Marr, B., and J.-C. Spender. 2004. “Measuring Knowledge Assets: Implications of the Knowledge Economy for Performance Measurement. Measuring Business Excellence 1: 21-35.
Mustapha, M. and Abdelheq, L., The Role of Investment in Intellectual Capital in improving organizational performance considering knowledge management: The case study of wireless communication sector in Algeria, Arab Economic and Business Journal, Vol. 13, pp. 73-91.
Ramaswami, Sridhar N. & Srivastava, Rajendra K. 2009. Market-based
capabilities and financial performance of firms: insights into marketing’s
contribution to firm value. Academy of Marketing Science 37(2): 97-116
Taliyang, S.M., Abdul Latif, R. & Mustafa, N.H. 2011. The Determinates of Intellectual Capital Disclosure among Malaysian Listed Companies. International Journal of Management and Marketing Research 4(3): 25-33.
Tsai, K., Chou, C. & Chen, M. 2008. Does matching pay policy with innovation strategy really improve firm performance? An examination of technology-based service firms. Personnel Review 37(3): 121-134.
Uppenberg, K. 2009. The Knowledge Economy in Europe: A review of the 2009 EIB conference in economics and Finance’ Luxembourg. European Investment Bank.
Williams, S.M. 2001. Are intellectual capital performance and disclosure practice related?. Journal of Intellectual Capital 2(3): 192-203.
Yi, A, Davey, H, E,. & Wang, Z 2015. Intellectual capital disclosure and the information gap: Evidence from China. Advances in Accounting, incorporating Advances in International Accounting 31(2): 179-187.
Yu, A, L., L & Kourti, I. 2017. The role of Intellectual Capital Reporting (ICR) in organizational transformation: A discursive practice perspective. Critical Perspectives on Accounting 41(4): 1-15.
Value and Behavioral Accounting
Volume 4, Issue 7
Summer 2019
Pages 271-307